As for the Madeira Island, we may consider five main types of habitats or landscapes: Rural, Mountain, Forest, Coastal Cliff and Urban. Rural habitats correspond to agricultural areas with all kinds of cultivations. The most predominant and most economically important cultivations are the banana and the vineyard. Yet, we may find small orchards and plots with several kinds of cultivations all over the island.

Mountain habitats integrate the vegetation characteristics of heath and mountain areas and are characterized by the presence of species like the Heaths (Erica arborea, Erica platycodon, Erica madeirensis) and the Madeira Bilberry (Vaccinium padifolium). Forest habitats may be generically divided into endemic vegetation areas and exotic vegetation areas. The endemic vegetation with the highest importance may be found in Laurissilva forest zones and is characterized by the presence of species like the Bay Tree (Laurus novocanariensis), the Lily of the Valley Tree (Clethra arborea), the Canary Laurel (Apollonias barbujana), the Madeira Mahogany (Persea indica), the Fayatree (Myrica faya) and the Madeira Laurel (Ocotea foetens). The exotic vegetation areas are characterized by the presence of the Pine Tree (Pinus pinaster), the Eucaliptus (Eucaliptus sp.), the Silver Wattle (Acacia sp.) and the Chestnut (Castanea sativa). It should be mentioned that sometimes the outermost areas of the forest have transitional areas which connect with urban or rural habitats, for these are often situated close to these kinds of habitats.

The coastal cliff habitats integrate the accentuated slope zones located by the seaside. They are characterized by the presence of endemic species, like, Globularia salicina, Helichrysum melaleucum, Echium nervosum, Aeonium glutinosum and Euphorbia piscatoria.

The Urban habitats are characterized by areas with a very dense population and a strong structural development, typical of city urban networks. However, in the Madeira Island, the urban areas are usually small portions of land used in the subsistence agriculture, while, in the city's outskirts, there are some agricultural farms of large dimensions.